Hierarchy classification:

1. top of the aat hierarchies
2. Materials Facet
3. Materials (hierarchy name)
4. materials (substances)
5. [materials by composition]
6. organic material
7. resin (organic material)

Narrower term/s

• Canada balsam (resin)
• copaiba balsam[+]
  • Maracaibo balsam
  • para balsam
• Jura turpentine
• Peru balsam (balsam)
• Strasbourg turpentine
• tolu balsam (balsam)
• Venice turpentine
• balm of Gilead
• Bordeaux turpentine

Anotations

Scope note:

An oleoresinous exudate from coniferous trees, especially of the Pinus genus. Balsams have been used since antiquity for medicinal purposes and as sealers. The exudate is a soft, semi-liquid consisting of terpenes of resinous character and a large amount of essential oils. Upon distillation, a liquid portion, called turpentine, and a solid residue, called rosin, are produced. Balsams have been used in varnishes and paint mediums; however, they deteriorate easily unless a harder resin is mixed with them.