Hierarchy classification:

1. top of the aat hierarchies
2. Objects Facet
3. Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)
4. Sound Devices (hierarchy name)
5. sound devices (equipment)
6. [sound devices by acoustical characteristics]
7. membranophones
8. drums (membranophones)

Narrower term/s

• etwies
• cuícas
• ingungus
• moshupianes

Anotations

Scope note:

Membranophones sounded by friction, accomplished directly by rubbing the drumhead with the hand or a piece of leather or cloth, or by means of a cord or stick which passes back and forth through one or two holes in the drumhead. In some types, the drumhead is vibrated indirectly by friction on a cord or stick in contact with, but not piercing, the drumhead.