Hierarchy classification:

1. top of the aat hierarchies
2. Materials Facet
3. Materials (hierarchy name)
4. materials (substances)
5. [materials by function]
6. colorant (material)
7. pigments
8. [pigment by color]
9. brown pigment
10. inorganic brown pigment

Additional parents:

1. top of the aat hierarchies
2. Materials Facet
3. Materials
4. materials
5. materials by function
6. colorant
7. pigments
8. pigment by composition or origin
9. inorganic pigment
10. natural inorganic pigment
11. earth color

Narrower term/s

• burnt umber (pigment)
• raw umber (pigment)

Anotations

Scope note:

A natural brown clay earth pigment that contains iron and manganese oxides, silica, alumina, and lime; tending to be less orange-red than sienna. The term refers to the region of Umbria, Italy, although the pigment is found elsewhere in the world, notably on Cyprus. It has been used as a pigment since prehistoric times.