Muong

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Scope note
The Muong are an Austro-Asiatic ethnic group numbering approximately 1.3 million people, making them the third largest minority in Vietnam, concentrated primarily in the mountainous north-central provinces of Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa, and Phu Tho on the western fringes of the Red River delta. Speaking the Muong language of the Viet-Muong subfamily and using Latin script, the Muong are believed to have arrived in northern Vietnam around the same time as their close relatives the ethnic Vietnamese (Kinh), but avoided Sinization during Chinese occupation (111 B.C.–938 A.D.), instead developing a feudal political organization with animistic religious practices similar to their Thai neighbors. Today, the Muong are predominantly animist with a sizable Christian minority, particularly among lowland populations.
Muong
Accepted term: 09-Mar-2026