<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><dc:title xml:lang="en">Carthusian</dc:title><dc:identifier>http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en?tema=31302281</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Getty Institute</dc:publisher><dcterms:created>2026-03-30 20:21:16</dcterms:created><dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en</dcterms:isPartOf><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="en">Tesaurus d&apos;Art i Arquitectura</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">O.Cart.</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">OCart</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Order of Carthusians</dcterms:alternative> <dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ A Roman Catholic monastic order founded by St. Bruno of Cologne in Chartreuse (north of Grenoble, France) in 1084. The Carthusians combine the solitary existence of hermits with a communal life within the monastery. The monks or nuns live in individual cells and only come together at specific times of the day and at special feasts; strict abstinence is practiced. The Carthusians spread slowly, but, by 1521, the order numbered 195 houses in every Catholic European country. They played an important role in the monastic-reform movement of the 11th and 12th centuries; it is itself, however, the one form of communal religious life that has not experienced reform. Houses are found in many parts of Europe although membership is relatively small. A famous liqueur is made at 'La Grande Chartreuse,' the order's mother-house, with profits donated to charity. ]]></dc:description></metadata>