<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><dc:title xml:lang="en">madder</dc:title><dc:identifier>http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en?tema=31343672</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Getty Institute</dc:publisher><dcterms:created>2026-03-30 20:32:41</dcterms:created><dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en</dcterms:isPartOf><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="en">Tesaurus d&apos;Art i Arquitectura</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">madder lake</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">root madder</dcterms:alternative> <dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ A natural organic colorant extracted from the roots of any of several species of the genus Rubia, having a reddish color. Madder has been used as a colorant for dyeing textiles since ancient times in India, Persia, and Egypt. It has been largely replaced as a dye and a pigment by synthetic alizarin. Used for dye and lake pigment preparation. ]]></dc:description></metadata>