<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><dc:title xml:lang="en">pharaohs</dc:title><dc:identifier>http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en?tema=31368424</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Getty Institute</dc:publisher><dcterms:created>2026-03-30 20:39:23</dcterms:created><dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en</dcterms:isPartOf><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="en">Tesaurus d&apos;Art i Arquitectura</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">pharaoh</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">pharaoh&apos;s</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">pharaohs&apos;</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">pharaonian</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">pharaonic</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">pharonical</dcterms:alternative> <dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Refers to the supreme rulers of ancient Egypt, who were considered kings and gods. The term is derived from the Egyptian "per-aa," meaning "great house," and originally referred to the royal palace. The term was used as a synonym or title of respect for the Egyptian king beginning in the New Kingdom, from the 18th dynasty (1539-1292 BCE) onwards. In modern usage, it generally is used as a title to refer to all ancient Egyptian kings, regardless of when they ruled. ]]></dc:description></metadata>