<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><dc:title xml:lang="en">Morris columns</dc:title><dc:identifier>http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en?tema=31413193</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Getty Institute</dc:publisher><dcterms:created>2026-03-30 20:51:06</dcterms:created><dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en</dcterms:isPartOf><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="en">Tesaurus d&apos;Art i Arquitectura</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Morris column</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">advertising column</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">advertising columns</dcterms:alternative> <dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Cylindrical outdoor sidewalk structures used as supports for printed advertising for theatrical and other entertainments. The invention is  attributed to Gabriel Morris ca. 1868 in the city of Paris, though earlier advertising pillars were erected in Berlin in the 1850s, created by printer Ernst Litfass. ]]></dc:description></metadata>