<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><dc:title xml:lang="en">bureau-bookcases</dc:title><dc:identifier>http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en?tema=31427171</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Getty Institute</dc:publisher><dcterms:created>2026-03-30 20:55:14</dcterms:created><dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en</dcterms:isPartOf><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="en">Tesaurus d&apos;Art i Arquitectura</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">bookcases, bureau</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">bureau bookcases</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">bureau-bookcase</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">desks, secretary</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">secretary desks</dcterms:alternative> <dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Refers to English and European desks with a steeply sloping lid (usually a 45-degree angle) surmounted by a bookcase. For similar American examples use "desks and bookcases." The furniture type developed from the bureau. In the early 18th century one form of bureau comrpised drawers below a sloping writing flap, resting on cabriole legs. Many bureaus of this period and earlier were surmounted by a bookcase, often enclosed by glazed or unglazed doors. Dutch furniture makers developed the form, creating the "bureau-bookcase," which was often fitted with an ingenious combination of drawers and compartments. It became very popular, and spread to other parts of Europe.  ]]></dc:description></metadata>