<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><dc:title xml:lang="en">light-and-shade watermarks</dc:title><dc:identifier>http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en?tema=31452458</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Getty Institute</dc:publisher><dcterms:created>2026-03-30 21:01:49</dcterms:created><dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en</dcterms:isPartOf><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="en">Tesaurus d&apos;Art i Arquitectura</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">chiaroscuro watermarks</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">light and shade watermarks</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">light-and-shade watermark</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">shadowmarks</dcterms:alternative> <dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Refers to detailed watermarks produced by a relief sculpture on the paper mold. The technique was supposedly invented in 1848 by the Englishman William Henry Smith. The light and shade watermark created more detail than the wire watermark. It is often used in paper money to make counterfeiting more difficult. ]]></dc:description></metadata>