<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><dc:title xml:lang="en">Ladino</dc:title><dc:identifier>http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en?tema=31480623</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Getty Institute</dc:publisher><dcterms:created>2026-03-30 21:09:25</dcterms:created><dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en</dcterms:isPartOf><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="en">Tesaurus d&apos;Art i Arquitectura</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Sephardic language</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">lad</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Judeo-Spanish</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Judesmo</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Sefardic language</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Sephardi</dcterms:alternative> <dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Romance language spoken by Sephardic Jews in Israel, the Balkans, North Africa, Greece, and Turkey. It combines a very archaic form of Castilian Spanish with Hebrew, along with elements from Aramaic, Arabic, Turkish, Greek, French, Bulgarian, and Italian. Ladino originated in Spain and was carried to its present speech areas by the descendants of the Spanish Jews who were expelled from Spain after 1492.  ]]></dc:description></metadata>