<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><mads xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mads/" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mads/
mads.xsd"><authority><topic authority="http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en">Chen-Yen</topic></authority><related type="broader"><topic>Chinese Buddhism</topic></related><related type="broader"><topic>Vajrayana</topic></related><variant type="other"><topic>Chen Yen</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Chinese Esoteric Buddhism</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Mi Tsung</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>True Word school</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>True Word sect</topic></variant> <note xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ School of Tantric Buddhism in China. Its name is derived from the Indian Sanskrit word "mantra" meaning 'mystical world.The work of Shubhakarasimha brought about Chen-Yen in China in 716 CE and it was expanded by others such as Amoghavajra (705-774). Although it gained imperial favor for a time, it never became extremely popular in China. Instead, it flourished in Japan after Kukai brought back some Chen-Yen rituals and texts after his 804 trip to China; Kukai was responsible for founding the Shingon school of Chen-Yen in his native Japan. Chen-Yen received an infusion of life from Tibet during the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368) but the surviving school is as much Tibetan as it is Chinese and the intrinsic quality of Chen-Yen has declined. ]]></note></mads>