<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><mads xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mads/" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mads/
mads.xsd"><authority><topic authority="http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en">madder</topic></authority><related type="narrower"><topic>garancine</topic></related><related type="other"><topic>alizarin</topic></related><related type="other"><topic>purpurin</topic></related><related type="other"><topic>madder mills</topic></related><related type="other"><topic>Rubia</topic></related><related type="broader"><topic>colorant for dye and pigment</topic></related><related type="broader"><topic>vegetable dye</topic></related><related type="broader"><topic>lake</topic></related><variant type="other"><topic>madder lake</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>root madder</topic></variant> <note xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ A natural organic colorant extracted from the roots of any of several species of the genus Rubia, having a reddish color. Madder has been used as a colorant for dyeing textiles since ancient times in India, Persia, and Egypt. It has been largely replaced as a dye and a pigment by synthetic alizarin. Used for dye and lake pigment preparation. ]]></note></mads>