<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><mads xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mads/" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mads/
mads.xsd"><authority><topic authority="http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en">Nanga</topic></authority><related type="other"><topic>Wen ren</topic></related><related type="other"><topic>Nagasaki</topic></related><related type="broader"><topic>Japanese painting styles</topic></related><variant type="other"><topic>Bujinga</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Bunjin-ga</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Bunjinga</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Literati</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Nan-ga</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Nanga School</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Scholar painting</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>Southern School</topic></variant> <note xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Refers to a style of Japanese painting that flourished from the middle of the Edo period (1600-1868) to the Taisho period (1912-1926). It was inspired by the Chinese literati, or "Wen ren," scholar-painting tradition, intended for a small, intellectual audience. Unlike other styles that developed in major Japanese studios, Nanga style includes varying techniques, styles, and subject-matter, linked by a loose tradition rather than by standardized rules. It is generally characterized by the combination of painting, poetry, and calligraphy, with a preference for subtle brushwork, monochromatic or subdued coloring, and abstraction of natural forms to convey highly personal views of nature. ]]></note></mads>