<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><mads xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mads/" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mads/
mads.xsd"><authority><topic authority="http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en">throwing machines</topic></authority><related type="broader"><topic>textile machines</topic></related><variant type="other"><topic>silk throwing machine</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>silk-throwing machine</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>throwing machine</topic></variant> <note xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Manual or mechanized devices designed to twist raw silk filaments into a unified thread to be used for weaving. While these devices vary, they typically comprise a twisting frame that rotates a series of spindles which twist skeins of raw silk and winds them onto bobbins. The first evidence of these devices can be traced back to either 1272 -1276 CE in Lucca, Italy or 1313 in China, though the devices could have been in use much earlier.  ]]></note></mads>