<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><mads xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mads/" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mads/
mads.xsd"><authority><topic authority="http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en">crystoleums</topic></authority><related type="other"><topic>albumen prints</topic></related><related type="broader"><topic>photographs by processing or presentation technique</topic></related><variant type="other"><topic>chromo-crystal</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>chromo-photographs</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>crystal ivorytypes</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>crystoleum</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>kartaline</topic></variant><variant type="other"><topic>photo-chromes</topic></variant> <note xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Distinctive photographs made from a hand-colored positive image process used from the 1880s through 1910, intended to give the appearance of painting on glass. An albumen paper print is adhered to a curved piece of glass and sanded from the back to the emulsion layer. A layer of oil is applied to render it translucent, and detailed color is applied to the back. When dry, a second layer of curved glass is added, and painted with broad fields of color. A layer of white material was applied behind this, and everything bound together. The glass, solutions, and adhesives were available commercially until World War I. The process was based on 18th-century hand-colored engravings known as mezzotint paintings. ]]></note></mads>