<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><mads xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mads/" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mads/
mads.xsd"><authority><topic authority="http://AATesaurus.cultura.gencat.cat/aat/getty_en">pneumatic troughs</topic></authority><related type="broader"><topic>chemical testing devices</topic></related><variant type="other"><topic>pneumatic trough</topic></variant> <note xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ Laboratory apparatuses used for collecting samples of pure gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. These are of varied size and made from glass, metal, or plastics, and depend on the transfer of gas from one vessel through water contained in another. The original concept was developed by Reverend Stephen Hales ca. 1727. ]]></note></mads>