<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE Zthes SYSTEM "http://zthes.z3950.org/xml/zthes-05.dtd">  <Zthes><term><termId>31309246</termId><termName>tribal art</termName><termType>PT</termType><termNote><![CDATA[ Refers to the art and certain artifacts of small-scale societies, even when the societies are not strictly speaking tribal in social structure. The rubric is typically applied to works of Native Americans, Oceania, and sub-Saharan Africa. The characteristics that define creators of tribal art are 1. isolation, politically and economically, from advanced civilizations; 2. oral traditions in rather than literacy; 3. small, independent population groupings, usually in villages of no more than a few hundred inhabitants who live a life of face-to-face social interaction and informal social control; 4. a low level of labor and craft specialization; 5. subsistence by hunting, fishing, and gathering and/or small-scale agriculture; 6. little technology beyond hand tools, often of stone rather than metal; and 7. slow rates of cultural change prior to European contact. ]]></termNote><termCreatedDate>2026-03-30 20:23:16</termCreatedDate><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31309247</termId><termName>art, tribal</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31309248</termId><termName>ethnographic art</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31309249</termId><termName>tribal arts</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>BT</relationType><termId>31300034</termId><termName>art genres</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation><relation><relationType>RT</relationType><termId>31309198</termId><termName>primitive art</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation><relation><relationType>RT</relationType><termId>31309259</termId><termName>indigenous art</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation></term>  </Zthes>