<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE Zthes SYSTEM "http://zthes.z3950.org/xml/zthes-05.dtd">  <Zthes><term><termId>31316562</termId><termName>gum karaya</termName><termType>PT</termType><termNote><![CDATA[ Gummy exudate from various species of the genus Sterculia, notably from S. urens, a tree native to central and northern India. It occurs as tears of variable size and of a somewhat crystalline appearance, translucent, pale yellow, with a slightly acetic odor and a mucilaginous, slightly acetic taste. The gum is insoluble in alcohol, but swells in water to form a gel; it forms an extremely strong adhesive with small amounts of water. It is used as a dye thickener, textile coating, emulsifier, paper fiber binder, a base in marbling paper, medical adhesive, a denture adhesive, a thickener and emulsifier in foods, and as a laxative. It is also used to adulterate gum tragacanth due to their similar physical characteristics. Gum karaya has been available commercially only since 1920. ]]></termNote><termCreatedDate>2026-03-30 20:25:14</termCreatedDate><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31316563</termId><termName>gum hog</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31316564</termId><termName>karaya gum</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31316565</termId><termName>karaya, gum</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>BT</relationType><termId>31303854</termId><termName>gum</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation><relation><relationType>RT</relationType><termId>31468480</termId><termName>Sterculia urens</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation></term>  </Zthes>