<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE Zthes SYSTEM "http://zthes.z3950.org/xml/zthes-05.dtd">  <Zthes><term><termId>31352624</termId><termName>direct current amplifiers</termName><termType>PT</termType><termNote><![CDATA[ Amplifiers in which small electrical currents and voltages are amplified before they can operate devices, where the current flows in one direction, rather than with alternating current in which the direction of the flow of electrons switches back and forth at regular intervals or cycles. ]]></termNote><termCreatedDate>2026-03-30 20:35:09</termCreatedDate><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31352625</termId><termName>direct current amplifier</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>BT</relationType><termId>31324473</termId><termName>amplifiers</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation></term>  </Zthes>