<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE Zthes SYSTEM "http://zthes.z3950.org/xml/zthes-05.dtd">  <Zthes><term><termId>31357901</termId><termName>mutoscopes</termName><termType>PT</termType><termNote><![CDATA[ Animated peepshow machines based on the flip-book principle; popular from the 1890s until around 1910. These early motion picture devices, upright and typically coin-operated were designed for individual viewing. As the handle of the mutoscope is turned, photographs placed around a central hub inside the device flip to give the illusion of continuous motion. For the cylindrical slitted viewer, use zoetropes. ]]></termNote><termCreatedDate>2026-03-30 20:36:32</termCreatedDate><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31357902</termId><termName>mutascope</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31357903</termId><termName>mutoscope</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31357904</termId><termName>mutoscopes</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>BT</relationType><termId>31325562</termId><termName>peepshows</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation></term>  </Zthes>