<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE Zthes SYSTEM "http://zthes.z3950.org/xml/zthes-05.dtd">  <Zthes><term><termId>31406347</termId><termName>Nanga</termName><termType>PT</termType><termNote><![CDATA[ Refers to a style of Japanese painting that flourished from the middle of the Edo period (1600-1868) to the Taisho period (1912-1926). It was inspired by the Chinese literati, or "Wen ren," scholar-painting tradition, intended for a small, intellectual audience. Unlike other styles that developed in major Japanese studios, Nanga style includes varying techniques, styles, and subject-matter, linked by a loose tradition rather than by standardized rules. It is generally characterized by the combination of painting, poetry, and calligraphy, with a preference for subtle brushwork, monochromatic or subdued coloring, and abstraction of natural forms to convey highly personal views of nature. ]]></termNote><termCreatedDate>2026-03-30 20:49:11</termCreatedDate><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31406348</termId><termName>Bujinga</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31406349</termId><termName>Bunjin-ga</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31406350</termId><termName>Bunjinga</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31406351</termId><termName>Literati</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31406352</termId><termName>Nan-ga</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31406353</termId><termName>Nanga School</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31406354</termId><termName>Scholar painting</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31406355</termId><termName>Southern School</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>BT</relationType><termId>31366759</termId><termName>Japanese painting styles</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation><relation><relationType>RT</relationType><termId>31366626</termId><termName>Wen ren</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation><relation><relationType>RT</relationType><termId>31406395</termId><termName>Nagasaki</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation></term>  </Zthes>