<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE Zthes SYSTEM "http://zthes.z3950.org/xml/zthes-05.dtd">  <Zthes><term><termId>31422106</termId><termName>ring frames</termName><termType>PT</termType><termNote><![CDATA[ Mechanized devices, comprising a double-sided frame equipped with a long row of spindles carried by ring rails, designed to convert pure roving into yarn and strengthen the yarn by twisting the roving in a simultaneous and continious process. After receiving roving from an intermediary simplex machine or fly frame, these devices expose the roving to a drafting process through which it is transformed to a desired thickness. The drafted roving is then twisted and wound onto a ring bobbin for packaging. The most commonly used devices in the yarn manufacturing process, these frames are small, accessible, and simpler to use than other methods of cotton spinning. ]]></termNote><termCreatedDate>2026-03-30 20:53:44</termCreatedDate><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31422107</termId><termName>ring frame</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31482498</termId><termName>ring spinning frame</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31482499</termId><termName>ring-spinning frame</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>BT</relationType><termId>31422208</termId><termName>spinning frames</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation></term>  </Zthes>