<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE Zthes SYSTEM "http://zthes.z3950.org/xml/zthes-05.dtd">  <Zthes><term><termId>31427171</termId><termName>bureau-bookcases</termName><termType>PT</termType><termNote><![CDATA[ Refers to English and European desks with a steeply sloping lid (usually a 45-degree angle) surmounted by a bookcase. For similar American examples use "desks and bookcases." The furniture type developed from the bureau. In the early 18th century one form of bureau comrpised drawers below a sloping writing flap, resting on cabriole legs. Many bureaus of this period and earlier were surmounted by a bookcase, often enclosed by glazed or unglazed doors. Dutch furniture makers developed the form, creating the "bureau-bookcase," which was often fitted with an ingenious combination of drawers and compartments. It became very popular, and spread to other parts of Europe.  ]]></termNote><termCreatedDate>2026-03-30 20:55:14</termCreatedDate><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31427172</termId><termName>bookcases, bureau</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31427173</termId><termName>bureau bookcases</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31427174</termId><termName>bureau-bookcase</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31427175</termId><termName>desks, secretary</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>UF</relationType><termId>31427176</termId><termName>secretary desks</termName><termType>ND</termType></relation><relation><relationType>BT</relationType><termId>31396888</termId><termName>desks and bookcases</termName><termType>PT</termType></relation></term>  </Zthes>