Hierarchy classification:

1. top of the aat hierarchies
2. Materials Facet
3. Materials (hierarchy name)
4. materials (substances)
5. [materials by form]
6. [materials by physical form]
7. tile (material)
8. [tile by function]
9. roofing tile
10. [roofing tile by form]
11. tòngwǎ

Anotations

Scope note:

A type of roofing tile. Term used in the Qing court architectural manual, the Gongcheng zuofa (1734), to describe the type of barrel tile (tongwa 筒瓦) which is used to cap the end of covering tiles at the eaves. A goutou is the barrel tile at the bottom of each tile row used to cap the ends (Liang 1981, 78). This term is commonly found in Ming and Qing dynasty texts. An earlier term for this element is "wadang."